Various causes of human EYE problems and their solutions
Most
people have eye problems at one time or
another. Some are minor and will go away on their own, or are easy to treat at
home. Others need a specialist’s care. See if any of these common problems
sound familiar. And always check with a doctor if your symptoms are really bad
or don’t clear up within a few days.
Eyestrain
Anyone who reads for hours, works at a computer, or
drives long distances knows about this one. It happens when you overuse
your eyes. They get tired and need to rest, just
like any other part of your body.
Eye Floaters and Eye Flashes
Floaters are small
specks or clouds that move across your field of vision—especially when you are
looking at a bright, plain background, like a blank wall or a cloudless blue
sky.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is increased pressure of the fluid inside the eye,
which can cause optic nerve damage. Glaucoma is a common cause of blindness,
particularly in diabetic patients.
Cataract
Cataract is a clouding of the lens, causing blurry or
color-tinted vision. People with cataracts often report “haloes” surrounding
objects that they are looking at, particularly at night. It is most common in
older people, and cataracts can be removed by surgery that replaces the lens with
an artificial lens.
Dry Eye Syndrome
Dry eye is a lack
of proper tears, usually due to a problem with the tear ducts or eyelids, or a
problem with certain medications. This condition can cause pain and blurry
vision.
Rapid eye movement
Rapid eye movement, REM, typically refers to
the sleep stage during which the most vivid dreams occur. During this stage,
the eyes move rapidly. It is not in itself a unique form of eye movement.
Colour blindness
Colour blindness is
not actually blindness in the true sense but rather is a colour vision
deficiency—people who are affected by it simply do not agree with most other
people about colour matching.
Crossed
eyes (Strabismus)
Crossed eyes (or strabismus) occur when a person's
eyes are not able to align on the same point at the same time, and appear to be
misaligned or pointed in different directions.
Lazy
Eye
Lazy eye, or amblyopia,
happens when one eye doesn’t develop properly. Vision is weaker in that eye,
and it tends to move “lazily” around while the other eye stays put. It’s found
in infants, children, and adults, and rarely affects both eyes. Treatment needs
to be sought immediately for infants and children.
Macular
Degeneration
Macular degeneration, also known as age-related
macular degeneration (AMD), is caused by deterioration of the retina and can
severely impair vision. There is no cure for macular degeneration, but it can
be treated with vitamins, laser therapy, medications, and vision aids.
Pinkeye
(Conjunctivitis) Directory
Pinkeye,
also called conjunctivitis, is redness and swelling of the thin tissue lining
the eyelids and the white part of the eye. Pinkeye is common among children,
but may occur at any age. It is most often caused by a virus, which can be
easily spread to other people. Other common causes of pinkeye include bacterial
infection and allergies. One or both eyes may be affected. Pinkeye is usually
mild and goes away within a few days with treatment.
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Uveitis |
Uveitis refers to inflammation of any part of
the uveal tract of the eye.
Retinal vascular occlusion
Retinal vascular occlusion is the blockage of a blood
vessel connected to the retina of the eye, either blockage of an artery
supplying blood to the retina (retinal artery occlusion) or blockage of a vein
carrying blood from the retina (retinal vein occlusion).
Ophthalmia
Ophthalmia is a general term that refers to
"inflammation of the eye", and particularly the conjunctiva.
Signs and Symptoms of Possible Vision
Problems
If you experience any of the following eye changes,
schedule an appointment with your ophthalmologist or optometrist immediately,
even if you've been to your eye doctor recently:
Severe, sudden eye pain
Recurrent pain in or around the eye
Hazy, blurred, or double vision
Seeing flashes of light or sudden bright floating spots
Seeing rainbows or halos around lights
Seeing floating "spider webs"
Seeing a "curtain coming down" over one eye
Sensing a "cup filling up with ink" in one
eye
Unusual, even painful, sensitivity to light or glare
Swollen, red eyes
Changes in the color of the iris
White areas in the pupil of the eye
Sudden development of persistent floaters
Itching, burning, or a heavy discharge in the eyes
Any sudden change in vision
See also Normal Vision Changes to help you understand
normal age-related changes in the eyes and your vision.
Treatments
If routine testing indicates that you have a
refractive error, conventional treatment calls for wearing corrective glasses
or contact lenses, and, in rare cases having corrective surgery. Almost
two-thirds of the population wear corrective lenses,
and that number increases markedly after the age of 65.
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